Throughout the course of my illness, I have found it nearly impossible to convey to my doctors that I suffer from two very different kinds of fatigue. First, I have the “general” fatigue in which I feel tired and ran down. It is much like the fatigue that accompanies the flu or other viral infections. What’s more, it is the one I have to contend with the most. It can last for days, weeks, or even months. As frustrating as it can sometimes be, it is, and I hate to say this, the least concerning. The second type of fatigue, however, has not only been more difficult to explain, but it also one of the most difficult aspects of this illness to cope with.
The second type of fatigue seems almost acute whereas the other type is more chronic. Also, it is always accompanied by palpitations, shortness of breath, and chest pain. When this first started happening, I was sent to a cardiologist to rule out congestive heart failure as the symptoms were so similar. However, there wasn’t anything wrong with my heart. After countless episodes, I learned that I wasn’t going to die from this and that simply stopping for a few minutes seemed to keep it from getting too severe. Amazing what chronic sufferers just learn to deal with, huh?
The best explanation I could come up with for my doctors was this: At times, my muscles seem to burn through their energy way too quickly. I’ve likened it to running or weight lifting to the point that you start “feeling the burn,” except I can reach that point with very little exertion in as little as a couple minutes.
While that made perfect sense to me, the doctors would look at me like a dog looking at a stereo. I’ve had one tell me that it could only happen if I had some genetic disorder at birth, in which case I would not have lived beyond a few days. Another tried to tell me it was just anxiety. And let’s not forget the one who said that simply can’t happen. Well, fellow blogger Jacqueline sent me a link about ME/CFS that peaked my interest into learning more, ultimately landing me on the ME Society of America website where I found this information:
“When the capacity of cells to take up and release oxygen is impaired, the body shifts to anaerobic metabolism, wherein incomplete metabolism of glycogen leads to the formation of lactic acid, which further impairs oxygen delivery. Brain, nerves, heart, skeletal muscles, and endocrine glands have higher requirements for oxygen and nutrient substrates, require more energy, and react to deficiencies with more serious consequences.”
Finally, I not only have proof that what I’m experiencing can actually happen, but possibly even an avenue for doctors to explore! The answer, for me, lies in how the body shifts into aerobic metabolism. While I can’t say for sure that it is due to lack of oxygen, I feel absolutely certain that, whatever is triggering it, my body is sometimes failing to start the aerobic process.
I did some research and, if I understood it correctly, this is how it works: Muscles store glucose for energy, but that glucose must first be turned into a fuel called ATP in order for the muscle to work. This can be done in one of two ways: aerobic or anaerobic metabolism. When we ask our muscles to do work, the anaerobic process is the first to respond. This process if not very efficient as it can only produce about 2 ATP per glucose molecule. Furthermore, it produces the byproduct lactate which in turn produces cellular acidosis (lactic acid). This process can only provide about 90 seconds worth of energy before the muscles become affected by the build up of lactic acid. In the average person, the aerobic process takes over in as short a period of time that is required for the heart to pump extra oxygen to the muscle. Oxygen allows the glucose to be turned into 36 ATP per glucose molecule. At the same time, the byproducts created through this process are water and CO2. Both of those are effeciently disposed of by the body. The most striking part, for me, was how anaerobic metabolism can only provide about 90 seconds of energy because that’s about how much energy I have before my muscles start burning and tightening up.
Now, let’s apply that to my episodes of fatigue. We’ll use doing the laundry for this one. I can bend over, grab a shirt from the dryer, and by the time I get it hung on a hanger and start to lift it to the clothes rack, my arms are “feeling the burn.” If I take a minute to rest, I can gain enough energy (or maybe loose enough lactic acid) that I can grab another shirt and start again. Of course, the process will repeat itself. So what should only take about 5 mintues tops becomes a 20 or 30 minute ordeal. Thankfully, I’ve learned that just stopping whatever I’m doing and sitting idle for about 10 minutes to half an hour will most of the time snap me out of it. There are days where it only happens once or twice, days where it doesn’t happen at all, and then there are days where I just can’t break the cycle. Imagine trying to do all your chores in 90-second-spurts of energy!
Another thing that struck me about the excerpt above was the mention of other organs that require higher amounts of oxygen. When these episodes first started, I often tried to just “push through” and doing so would make me seriously ill. My headache would worsen, my extremeties would “fall asleep,” I’d get extremely nauseous, and wind up practically crawling to bed. It could take anywhere from a couple of hours to an entire evening to get over it. Even then, the following days left me feeling flu-ish. I have to wonder now if whatever is causing the problem with my muscles is somehow blocking oxygen delivery to other organs and the more I push, the more oxygen deprived they become. Needless to say, I’ve learned to just stop and rest!
I’m so excited about this recent discovery that I’m probably going to take the time this evening to write up some letters to send to my doctors, asking what possible causes there may be for this. I also have to wonder what role my hypoglycemia plays. Dosn’t it stand to reason that if my body already has a glucose problem that it may very well manifest in other ways? There are so many steps in the metabolic process that it might be impossible to find the exact malfunction, but I think we should at least try to look for it!